负荷渐增式训练对老年小鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞AMPK磷酸化的影响

目的 探讨负荷渐增式训练对老年小鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMP-activated protein kinase，AMPK）磷酸化的影响。方法 实验小鼠分为 3 组：青年对照组（YC组，n=12）、老年对照组（OC组，n=12）与老年运动组（OT组，n=12）。OT组进行负荷渐增式训练，流式细胞分选技术分离CD45-/CD31-/Sca1-/VCAM(CD106)+细胞群体，分选细胞通过desmin、Myod肌原性染色以及成肌分化诱导培养进行肌卫星细胞鉴定，免疫组化结合Western blotting方法检测肌卫星细胞p-AMPK水平。结果 YC组骨骼肌卫星细胞AMPK及p-AMPK表达水平显著高于OC组（P<0.05）；OT组与OC组AMPK表达无明显变化（Ｐ>0.05），而OT组p-AMPK表达水平显著高于OC组（P<0.05）。结论 负荷渐增式训练可促进老年小鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞AMPK磷酸化，改善老年小鼠骨骼肌能量代谢。     

应激状态下大学生心理健康相关影响因素及应对方式

目的:以新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情作为应激因素,调查疫情下大学生心理健康状况,分析应激状态下大学生心理健康状况的影响因素,制定有效的自助应对方式,为采取大学生心理健康教育提供依据.方法:使用 自编一般情况调查表、流调用抑郁自评量表(CES—D)、焦虑自评量表,对3975名大学生进行网络问卷调查,运用spearman相关分析方法及无序多分类Logistic回归模型进行统计分析.结果:502名(12.6％)名大学生可能存在抑郁症状,1066名(26.8％)名大学生肯定有抑郁症状,焦虑情绪发生率是13.9％,其中轻度、中度和重度焦虑发生率分别是12.30％、1.30％、0.30％.相关分析显示:是否存在抑郁症状与疫情信息、生活影响程度、学习影响程度、是否需要心理支援(r=0142,0.205,0.224,0.360;P＜0.05)成正相关;焦虑等级与疫情信息、生活影响程度、学习影响程度、是否需要心理支援、抑郁总分(r=0.126,0.134,0.134,0.274,0.496;P＜0.05)成正相关,而与疫情发生前是否存在心理疾病(r=-0.103;P＜0.05)成负相关.回归分析结果显示:接受负面疫情信息大于正面疫情信息、在家运动时间、对学习影响程度、焦虑标准得分都影响抑郁症状出现;而性别、专业、关注疫情的信息时间及抑郁情绪出现都影响焦虑程度.结论:应激(新冠肺炎疫情为例)对大学生心理健康状况产生一定影响,性别、专业、运动时间、关注疫情信息时间、正/负性信息、学习影响程度及抑郁焦虑等多个因素可能与应激状态下大学生心理变化相关,采取应对方式时,应充分考虑这些因素,制定个体化干预措施.     

Increased expression of glutamine transporter SNAT2/SLC38A2 promotes glutamine dependence and oxidative stress resistance,and is associated with worse prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer

Background Glutamine (Gln) is an abundant nutrient used by cancer cells. Breast cancers cells and particularly triple-receptor negative breast cancer (TNBC) are reported to be dependent on Gln to produce the energy required for survival and proliferation. Despite intense research on the role of the intracellular Gln pathway, few reports have focussed on Gln transporters in breast cancer and TNBC.Methods The role and localisation of the Gln transporter SLC38A2/SNAT2 in response to Gln deprivation or pharmacological stresses was examined in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. Subsequently, the effect of SLC38A2 knockdown in Gln-sensitive cell lines was analysed. The prognostic value of SLC38A2 in a cohort of breast cancer was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results SLC38A2 was identified as a strongly expressed amino acid transporter in six breast cancer cell lines. We confirmed an autophagic route of degradation for SLC38A2. SLC38A2 knockdown decreased Gln consumption, inhibited cell growth, induced autophagy and led to ROS production in a subgroup of Gln-sensitive cell lines. High expression of SLC38A2 protein was associated with poor breast cancer specific survival in a large cohort of patients (p = 0.004), particularly in TNBC (p = 0.02).Conclusions These results position SLC38A2 as a selective target for inhibiting growth of Gln-dependent breast cancer cell lines.Subject terms: Breast cancer, Cancer metabolism     

蓝芩口服液联合西药治疗社区获得性肺炎的疗效分析

目的分析蓝芩口服液联合西药治疗社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的临床疗效。 方法选取2014年3月至2018年3月我院收治的CAP患者46例，对照组21例患者接受常规西医治疗，观察组25例患者在此基础上服用蓝芩口服液。比较两组临床治疗总有效率、治疗前后中医证候积分，白细胞(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)水平、炎症吸收率。 结果观察组总有效率(91.11%)明显高于对照组(77.76%)(P<0.05)；治疗后，两组中医证候积分及WBC、CRP、PCT水平与治疗前比较显著下降，且对照组明显高于观察组(P<0.05)；观察组炎症吸收率(62.22%)显著高于对照组(35.56%)(P<0.05)。 结论蓝芩口服液联合西药治疗CAP疗效确切，有助于改善患者临床症状及体征，降低炎症因子水平，促进炎症吸收。     

I125 irradiation stent for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis: A meta-analysis

PurposeA meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the safety and efficiency of I¹²⁵ irradiation stent placement for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) combined with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT).Materials and methodsThe Cochrane library, PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang Data and CQVIP were systematically screened out from the earliest to December 2019. The qualities of all included studies were assessed. The primary endpoints were the 6-month, 12-month stent cumulative patency rate and 6-month, 12-month, 24-month overall survival rate while the secondary endpoints were the objective response rate of PVTT, main portal venous pressure changes and treatment-related adverse events. Our meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 12.0 software.ResultsTotally seven studies with 1018 patients were included in the final analysis, in which 602 patients received TACE and I¹²⁵ irradiation stent placement, and 416 patients in control group underwent TACE and stent placement without endovascular brachytherapy (EVBT). Meta-analysis showed that the I¹²⁵ irradiation stent improved the cumulative stent patency rates in 6 months [OR = 1.65, 95% CI (1.32–2.05), P < 0.001] and 12 months [OR = 2.55, 95% CI (1.90–3.42), P < 0.001] and the survival rates in 6 months [OR = 1.77, 95% CI (1.41–2.22), P < 0.001], 12 months [OR = 3.14, 95% CI (2.24–4.40), P < 0.001] and 24 months [OR = 7.39, 95% CI (3.55–15.41), P < 0.001]. However, there was no difference in the objective response rate of PVTT [OR = 1.13, 95% CI (0.87–1.48), P = 0.365], main portal venous pressure and the occurrence adverse event [OR = 0.88, CI = 0.72–1.08, P = 0.212] between two groups.ConclusionI¹²⁵ irradiation stent seems to be more effective in treating hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis. The usage of portal vein stent combined endovascular brachytherapy has the potential to act as an alternative therapy for HCC with PVTT. On account of the limitation of studies included, more studies with high-level evidence, such as RCTs, are requisite to support the above promising results.     

Optimize the management of urological tube-related emergencies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

BackgroundTo introduce and determine the value of optimized strategies for the management of urological tube-related emergencies with increased incidence, complexity and operational risk during the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsAll emergent urological patients at Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, during the period of January 23 (the beginning of lockdown in Wuhan) to March 23, 2020, and the corresponding period in 2019 were recruited to form this study’s COVID-19 group and control group, respectively. Tongji Hospital has the most concentrated and strongest Chinese medical teams to treat the largest number of severe COVID-19 patients. Patients in the control group were routinely treated, while patients in the COVID-19 group were managed following the optimized principles and strategies. The case incidence for each type of tube-related emergency was recorded. Baseline characteristics and management outcomes (surgery time, secondary complex operation rate, readmission rate, COVID-19 infection rate) were analyzed and compared across the control and COVID-19 periods.ResultsThe total emergent urological patients during the COVID-19 period was 42, whereas during the control period, it was 124. The incidence of tube-related emergencies increased from 53% to 88% (P<0.001) during the COVID-19 period. In particular, the incidence of nephrostomy tube-related (31% vs. 15%, P=0.027) and single-J stent-related problems (19% vs. 6%, P=0.009) increased significantly. The mean surgery times across the two periods were comparable. The number of secondary complex operations increased from 12 (18%) to 14 (38%) (P=0.028) during the COVID 19-period. The number of 2-week postoperative readmission decreased from 10 (15%) to 1 (3%) (P=0.049). No participants contracted during the COVID-19 period.ConclusionsUrological tube-related emergencies have been found to have a higher incidence and require more complicated and dangerous operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the optimized management strategies introduced in this study are efficient, and safe for both urologists and patients.     

Prospective case‐control study of enterovirus detection differences in children’s cerebrospinal fluid between multiplex PCR and real‐time RT‐PCR assay

BackgroundViral encephalitis is common in childhood. It is an acute brain parenchymal inflammation caused by a variety of viral infection, and enterovirus accounts for the majority. Due to atypical clinical manifestations, pathogenic testing is important for assisting clinical diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of the multiplex PCR assay compared with quantitative real‐time PCR for enterovirus detection.MethodsA prospective case‐control study was performed involving 103 pediatric patients suspected for viral encephalitis and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected and tested for 9 pathogens using multiplex PCR assay during April to November in 2018. In parallel, an aliquot of samples was tested for enterovirus infection by real‐time PCR assay.ResultsThere were 85.4% children were confirmed as viral encephalitis on discharge, the remaining ones were diagnosed as other CNS diseases, such as epilepsy. The specificity of the two methods was the same as that of the clinical diagnosis, but the sensitivity and consistency with clinical diagnosis of multiplex PCR were both higher than the real‐time PCR. Besides of enterovirus, multiplex PCR could also detect coinfection of enterovirus with Epstein‐Barr virus and mumps virus.ConclusionResults of multiplex PCR method are more consistent with the clinical diagnosis and are superior to real‐time PCR for detecting enterovirus in CSF.     

青年学生性健康知信行的自我分类偏差对相关问题求助意愿的影响

目的 探讨青年学生性健康知信行自我分类偏差对相关问题求助意愿的影响，为精准实施青年学生性健康促进提供科学依据。方法 2019年3-4月性健康和HIV感染风险评估干预微信小程序（"熊探"）测试期间的青年学生使用者纳入为研究对象。根据研究对象性健康知信行的自我分类和系统分类结果差异划分为3组，包括分类一致组、自我分类偏低组（自评比实际性资讯获取更少、性态度更传统、性经历更少）和自我分类偏高组（自评比实际性资讯获取更多、性态度更开放、性经历更多）。采用logistic回归分析3组研究对象的性健康相关问题求助意愿差异。结果 2 009名研究对象的年龄（19.2±1.1）岁，女性占54.7%（1 099/2 009），大专及以上者占98.4%（1 976/2 009）。性健康知信行自我分类一致、偏低和偏高者分别占49.0%（984/2 009）、10.9%（219/2 009）和40.1%（806/2 009）。与分类一致者相比，自我分类偏低青年学生的HIV自愿咨询检测服务接受意愿更低（aOR=0.65，95%CI：0.43~0.99），自我分类偏高青年学生的性相关疾病求助意愿更低（aOR=0.76，95%CI：0.59~0.98）。结论 性健康知信行自我分类偏差会降低青年学生对相关问题的求助意愿，尤其自我分类偏低会使青年学生低估HIV感染风险，接受咨询检测意愿下降，引起青年学生艾滋病疫情加速扩散。在性健康教育中需加强引导，提高青年学生群体自我评估能力、客观感知和应对风险。